1. What are tags #

Created Sunday 14 February 2021

What is HTML #

It is a language used to specify the structure(skeleton) of a webpage.
HTML is a markup language, not a programming language.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language

Tags #

The basic unit of HTML is the tag.
There are two kinds of tags
1. Content tags(or just tags). Example: <p> HTML is genius </p>
2. Self closing(or empty tags). Example: <img />

Attributes #

An attribute is a key-value pair that modifies the behavior of a tag.
They are written inside the opening angled brackets.
Syntax:
```
<img height="200px" width="200px" />
```
Parts of an attribute:
1. key - a string without quotes.
2. value

= is used for assigning values to key.

Rules for attributes:
- Attributes are separated by space.
- Ordering of attributes does not matter.

Presence of a boolean attribute means it is enabled.

<video autoplay="true" />
<!-- verbose -->

<video autoplay />
<!-- concise is better -->

Anatomy of a webpage #

There are 3 basic tags in all webpages.
1. html - encloses the whole webpage.
2. head - contains title(tab title) and page metadata. Used by crawlers.
3. body - webpage content, as seen in the browser.
Basic structure of a webpage.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--Ignore this for now-->
<html>
  <head> </head>

  <body></body>
</html>

Everything inside the body is visible(perceptible) in the browser(below the omnibox).
The preamble, <!DOCTYPE html> is used for legacy reasons. It’s not a part of the webpage and just describes the file type.

Other basic tags #

title - appears on the tab. Page file name is displayed if this is absent. Used within head.
meta - self closing tag specifying metadata like language, region, character encoding etc.

Facts about HTML #

Errors are ignored by the browser. See(optional).
Whitespace is ignored in the content of HTML tags, except in string literals.
HTML does not have strict indentation, it is free flow language.